ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Distribution of ACE insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism in Iranian populations
Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE; OMIM: 106180) has an important role in the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II and degradation of bradykinin. Genetic polymorphism I/D (rs4646994) in the gene encoding ACE has been well defined. To get more insight into the genetic structure of Iranian populations, the distribution of the ACE I/D polymorphism among Iranians was compared with each other and with other populations. Prevalence of the D allele was 0.5886 (95% CI: 0.5725-0.6047) in Iran. There was significant difference between Iranian populations (Chi2=27.7, df=6, P2=10.15, df=5, P=0.071). The D allele showed high frequency in Iran which is similar to Caucasians.
https://mbrc.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2960_8b2c5c96c6ed4f3281029da8284b4901.pdf
2015-06-01
63
66
10.22099/mbrc.2015.2960
ACE
Iran
Polymorphism
Population genetics
Mostafa
Saadat
msaadat41@yahoo.com
1
Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
1. Rigat B, Hubert C, Alhenc-Gelas F, Cambien F, Corvol P, Soubrier F. An insertion/deletion polymorphism in the angiotensin I-converting enzyme gene accounting for half the variance of serum enzyme levels. J Clin Invest 1990;86: 1343-1346.
1
2. Suehiro T, Morita T, Inoue M, Kumon Y, Ikeda Y, Hashimoto K. Increased amount of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) mRNA originating from the ACE allele with deletion. Hum Genet 2004;115:91-96.
2
3. Zhao J, Qin X, Li S, Zeng Z. Association between the ACE I/D polymorphism and risk of ischemic stroke: an updated meta-analysis of 47,026 subjects from 105 case-control studies. J Neurol Sci 2014;345:37-47.
3
4. Wang Z, Wang P, Wang X, He X, Wang Z, Xu D, Hu J, Wang B. Significant association between angiotensin-converting enzyme gene insertion/deletion polymorphism and risk of recurrent miscarriage: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Metabolism 2013;62:1227-38.
4
5. Amirshahi P, Sunderland E, Farhud DD, Tavakoli SH, Daneshmand P, Papiha SS. Serum proteins and erythrocyte enzymes of populations in Iran. Hum Hered 1989; 39:75-80
5
6. Rafiee L, Saadat I, Saadat M. Glutathione S-transferase genetic polymorphisms (GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTO2) in three Iranian populations. Mol Biol Rep 2010;37: 155-158
6
7. Nickmanesh M, Hosseini-Asl S, Yazdanbod A, Pourfarzi F, Didevar R, Akhavan H. Any significant association between the angiotension-converting enzyme insertion/ deletion polymorphism and gastric cancer in Ardabil province. Ann Oncol 2011;22: v34.
7
8. Mazaheri H, Saadat M. Association between insertion/deletion polymorphism inangiotension converting enzyme and susceptibility to schizophrenia. Iranian J Public Health 2015;44:369-373.
8
9. Rahimi Z, Rahimi Z, Mozafari H, Parsian A. Preeclampsia and angiotension converting enzyme (ACE) I/D and angiotensin II type-1 receptor (ATIR) A1166C polymorph-isms: association with ACE I/D polymorphism. J Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System 2013; DOI: 10.1177/1470320312448950.
9
10. Salimi S, Mokhtari M, Yaghmael M, Jamshidi M, Naghavi A. Association of angiotension-converting enzyme intron 16 insertion/deletion and angiotensin II type1 receptor A1166C gene polymorphisms with preeclampsia in south east of Iran. J Biomed Biotechnol 2011;ID 941515.
10
11. Keikhaee MR, Hashemi SB, Najmabadi H, Noroozian M. C677T methylentetra-hydrofulate reductase and angiotensin converting enzyme gene polymorphisms in patients with Alzheimer's disease in Iranian population. Neurochem Res 2006;31: 1079-1083.
11
12. Poorgholi L, Saffar H, Fathollahi MS, Davoodi G, Anvari MS, Goodarzynejad H, Ziaee S, Boroumand MA. Angiotensin- converting enzyme insertion/deletion polymorphism and its association with coronary artery disease in an Iranian population. J Tehran Heart Cent 2013;8:89-94.
12
13. Yenki P, Safari Z, Azimi C. Lack of association between two ACE gene polymorphisms (rs4291 and Alu I/D) and late onset Alzheimer’s disease. Afr J Biotechnol 2012;11:5982-5987.
13
14. Nikzamir A, Esteghamati A, Feghhi M, Nakhjavani M, Rashidi A, Reza JZ. The insertion/deletion polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene is associated with progression, but not development, of albuminuria in Iranian patients with type 2 diabetes. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst 2009;10:109-114.
14
15. Hosseini-Khalili AR, Thompson J, Kehoe A, Hopkinson NS, Khoshbaten A, Soroush MR, Humphries SE, Montgomery H, Ghanei M. Angiotensin-converting enzyme genotype and late respiratory complications of mustard gas exposure. BMC Pulm Med 2008;8:15.
15
16. Bagheri M, Abedi-Rad I, Omrani MO, Nanbaksh F. Polymorphisms of the angiotension converting enzyme gene in Iranian Azeri Turkish women with unexplain recurrent pregnancy loss. Hum Fertil 2010;13:79-82.
16
17. Abdi-Rad I, Bagheri M. Angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion/deletion gene polymorphism in general population of west Azarbaijan, Iran. Iran J Kidney Dis 2011; 5:86-92.
17
18. Bayoumi RA, Simsek M, Yahya TM, Bendict S, Al-Hinai A, Al-Barwani H, Hassan MO. Insertion-deletion polymorphism in the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene among Sudanese, Somalis, Emiratis, and Omanis. Hum Biol 2006;78:103-108.
18
19. Houcher B, Begag S, Houcher Z, Karabiyik A, Egin Y, Akar N. Prevalence of genetic polymorphisms of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T and angiotensin I-converting enzyme (insertion/deletion) in Sétif population, Algeria. Mol Biol Res Commun 2013;2:19-27.
19
20. Al-Eisa A, Haider MZ, Srivastva BS. Angiotensin converting enzyme gene insertion/deletion polymorphism in idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in Kuwaiti Arab children. Scand J Urol Nephrol 2001;35:239-242.
20
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Association study of single nucleotide polymorphism rs165599 of COMT gene, with schizophrenia and bipolar mood disorder in the south-west of Iran
Linkage studies and epidemiological findings indicate that some possible genes in schizophrenia (SCZ) and bipolar mood disorder (BPD) are common. Numerous evidences for linkage of two diseases on chromosome 22 have been found. These findings suggest that one or more genes in the 22q11.21 region may be involved in the development of both disorders. In the present case-control study, association between the mentioned disorders and a genetic polymorphism (rs165599) of catechol O-methyltransferase (COMT, OMIM: 116790) was studied. Here 100 BPD patients, 100 SCZ patients, and 100 healthy controls were included in the study. The samples were matched in terms of gender and ethnicity. Statistical analysis showed that there was a significant association this polymorphism and risk of SCZ. The AG (OR=7.41, 95% CI: 3.21-17.1, P
https://mbrc.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2962_9fbc4fea949008931103b1133f7d4c5d.pdf
2015-06-01
67
72
10.22099/mbrc.2015.2962
Bipolar mood disorder
COMT gene
rs165599
Schizophrenia
Parisima
Behbahani
parisima_behbahani@yahoo.com
1
Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran
AUTHOR
Seyed Reza
Kazemi Nezhad
kazemi_reza@yahoo.de
2
Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Ali Mohammad
Foroughmand
aliforough12@yahoo.com
3
Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran
AUTHOR
Leila
Ahmadi
leilookahmadi@gmail.com
4
Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran
AUTHOR
1. Handoko HY, Nyholt DR, Hayward NK, Nertney DA, Hannah DE, Windus LC, McCormack CM, Smith HJ, Filippich C, James MR, Mowry BJ. Separate and interacting effects within the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) are associated with schizophrenia. Mol Psychiatry 2005;10:589-597.
1
2. Basco MR. The Bipolar Workbook: Tools for Controlling Your Mood Swings. ISBN 1-59385-162-6, 2006. p.12.
2
3. Yatham LN, Kennedy SH, Shaffer A, Parikh SV, Beaulieu S, O'Donovan C, MacQueen G. Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments Society for Bipolar Disorders (ISBD) collaborative update of CANMAT guidelines for the management of patients with bipolar disorder: update 2009. Bipolar Disord 2009; 11:225-255.
3
4. Williams M. Commentary: Genome-based CNS drug discovery: D-Amino acid oxidase (DAAO) as a novel target for antipsychotic medications: Progress and challenges. Biochem Pharmacol 2009;78:1360-1365.
4
5. Benazzi F. Bipolar disorder-focus on bipolar II disorder and mixed depression. Lancet 2007;369:935-939.
5
6. Arajarvi R, Ukkola J, Haukka J , Suvisaari J , Hintikka J, Partonen T, Lonnqvist J. Psychosis among ‘‘healthy’’ siblings of schizophrenia patients. BMC Psychiatry 2006;6:6.
6
7. Berrettini WH. Are schizophrenic and bipolar disorders related? A review of family and molecular studies. Boil psychiatry 2000;48:531-538.
7
8. Shifman S, Bronstein M, Sternfeld M, Pisanté-Shalom A, Lev-Lehman E, Weizman A, Reznik I, Spivak B, Grisaru N, Karp L, Schiffer R, Kotler M, Strous RD, Swartz-Vanetik M, Knobler HY, Shinar E, Beckmann JS, Yakir B, Risch N, Zak NB, Darvasi A. A common susceptibility gene in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. Am J Med Genet B (Neuropsychiatric Genetics) 2004;128B:61-64.
8
9. Valles V, van Os J, Guillamat R, Gutierrez B, Campillo M, Gento P, Fananas L. Increased morbid risk for schizophrenia in families of in-patients with bipolar illness. Schizophr Res 2000;42:83-90.
9
10. Craddock N, O’Donovan MC, Owen MJ. Genes for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder? Implications for psychiatric nosology. Schizophrenia Bull 2006;32:9-16.
10
11. Kato T. Molecular genetics of bipolar disorder and depression. Psychiatry Clin Neuros 2007;61:3-19.
11
12. Gelder M, Harrison P, Couen P. Shorter of textbook of psychiatry 5ed May 2006: Oxford University Press.
12
13. Gothelf D, Law AJ, Frisch A, Chen J, Zarchi O, Michaelovsky E, Ren-Patterson R, Lipska BK, Carmel M, Kolachana B, Weizman A, Weinberger DR. Biological effects of COMT haplotypes and psychosis risk in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. Biol Psychiatry 2014;75:406-413.
13
14. Mansell W, Pedley R. The ascent into mania: A review of psychological processes associated with the development of manic symptoms. Clin Psycholo Rev 2008;28: 494-520.
14
15. Bray NJ, Buckland PR, Williams NM, Williams HJ, Norton N, Owen MJ, O'Donovan MC. A haplotype implicated in schizophrenia susceptibility is associated with reduced COMT expression in human brain. Am J Hum Genet 2003; 73:152-161.
15
16. Lotta T, Vidgren J,Tilgmann C, Ulmanen I, Melen K, Julkunen I, Taskinen J. Kinetics of human soluble and membrane-bound catechol O-methyltransferase: a revised mechanism and description of the thermolabile variant of the enzyme. Biochemistry 1995;34:4202-4210.
16
17. Matsumoto M, Weickert CS, Beltaifa S, Kolachana B, Chen J, Hyde TM, Herman MM, Weinberger DR, Kleinman JE.Catechol O-methyltransferase (COMT) mRNA expression in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of patients with schizophrenia. Neuropsychopharmacology 2003;28:1521-1530.
17
18. Tenhunen J, Salminen M, Jalanko A, Ukkonen S, Ulmanen I. Structure of the rat catechol-O-methyltransferase gene: separate promoters are used to produce mRNAs for soluble and membrane-bound forms of the enzyme. DNA Cell Biol 1993;12: 253-263.
18
19. Rutherford K, Daggett V. A hotspot of inactivation: The A22S and V108M polymorphisms individually destabilize the active site structure of catechol O-methyltransferase. Biochemistry 2009;48:6450-6460.
19
20. Williams HJ, Owen MJ, O’Donovan MC. Is COMT a susceptibility gene for schizophrenia? Schizophrenia Bull 2007;33:635-641.
20
21. Lajin B, Alachkar A, Hamzeh AR, Michati R, Alhaj H. No association between Val158Met of the COMT gene and susceptibility to schizophrenia in the Syrian population. North Am J Med Sci 2011;3:176-178.
21
22. Mynett-Johnson LA, Murphy VE, Claffey E, Shields DC, McKeon P. Preliminary evidence of an association between bipolar disorder in females and the catechol-O-methyltransferase gene. Psychiatry Genet 1998;8:221-225.
22
23. Shifman S, Bronstein M, Sternfeld M, Pisanté-Shalom A, Lev-Lehman E, Weizman A, Reznik I, Spivak B, Grisaru N, Karp L, Schiffer R, Kotler M, Strous RD, Swartz-Vanetik M, Knobler HY, Shinar E, Beckmann JS, Yakir B, Risch N, Zak NB, Darvasi A. A highly significant association between a COMT haplotype and schizophrenia.Am J Hum Genet 2002;71:1296-1302.
23
24. Cordeiro Q, Silva RT, Vallada H. Association study between the rs165599 catechol-O-methyltransferase genetic polymorphism and schizophrenia in a Brazilian sample. Arq Neuropsiquiatr 2012;70:913-916.
24
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Analyses of methylation status of CpG islands in promoters of miR-9 genes family in human gastric adenocarcinoma
In the recent years deregulation for microRNAs expression pattern have emerged as a possible molecular factor for carcinogenesis. It has been reported that the expression of miR-9 was down-regulated in human gastric adenocarcinoma. To figure out the molecular mechanism of this down regulation, the methylation status in promoters of miR-9 family loci were compared in the human gastric adenocarcinoma samples with their normal margins. Using a methylation specific PCR technique the methylation status of miR-9 family loci were compared between 30 pairs of primary human gastric adenocarcinoma samples with their normal margins. The methylation of miR 9-1 status showed no specific difference in promoter methylation pattern in tumor and normal specimens, while in the miR-9-2 locus were unmethylated in both types of tissues. The promoter of miR-9-3 locus seems to be specifically methylated in tumor and their normal margin tissues. Our data revealed methylation of these CpG islands were not meaningfully different between normal and tumor gastric adenocarcinoma specimens and the methylation status of promoter may not be able to account for alteration of miR-9 expression in this type of gastric cancer.
https://mbrc.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2975_fc259f06730ec26e1843719c250e5190.pdf
2015-06-01
73
82
10.22099/mbrc.2015.2975
Gastric cancer
Epigenetic
DNA methylation
miR-9
MS-PCR
Raziyeh
Ebrahimi-Askari
mgnebrahimi@yahoo.com
1
Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Mehrdad
Behmanesh
behmanesh@modares.ac.ir
2
Department of Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Masoud
Soleimani
soleim@modares.ac.ir
3
Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
1. Smith MG, Hold GL, Tahara E, El-Omar EM. Cellular and molecular aspects of gastric cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2006;12:2979-2990.
1
2. Ueda T, Volinia S, Okumura H, Shimizu M, Taccioli C, Rossi S, Alder H, Liu CG, Oue N, Yasui W, Yoshida K, Sasaki H, Nomura S, Seto Y, Kaminishi M, Calin GA, Croce CM. Relation between microRNA expression and progression and prognosis of gastric cancer: a microRNA expression analysis. Lancet Oncol. 2010 Feb;11(2):136-46.
2
3. Yao Y, Suo AL, Li ZF, Liu LY, Tian T, Ni L, Zhang WG, Nan KJ, Song TS, Huang C.MicroRNA profiling of human gastric cancer. Mol Med Rep 2009;2:963-970.
3
4. Takagi T, Iio A, Nakagawa Y, Naoe T, Tanigawa N, Akao Y. Decreased expression of microRNA-143 and -145 in human gastric cancers. Oncology 2009;77:12-21.
4
5. Bartel DP. MicroRNAs: genomics, biogenesis, mechanism, andfunction. Cell 2004; 116:281-297.
5
6. Brennecke J, Stark A, Russell RB, Cohen SM. Principles of microRNA-target recognition. PLoS Biol 2005;3:e85.
6
7. Esquela-Kerscher A, Slack FJ. OncomiRs-microRNAs with a role in cancer. Nat Rev Cancer 2006;6:259-269.
7
8. Hammond SM. MicroRNAs as tumor suppressors. Nat Genet 2007;39:582-583.
8
9. Tavazoie SF, Alarcón C, Oskarsson T, Padua D, Wang Q, Bos PD, Gerald WL, Massagué J. Endogenous human microRNAs that suppress breast cancer metastasis. Nature 2008;451:147-152.
9
10. He L, He X, Lim LP, de Stanchina E, Xuan Z, Liang Y, Xue W, Zender L, Magnus J, Ridzon D, Jackson AL, Linsley PS, Chen C, Lowe SW, Cleary MA, Hannon GJ.A micro-RNA component of the p53 tumor suppressor network. Nature 2007;447:1130-1134.
10
11. Saito Y, Jones PA. Epigenetic activation of tumor suppressor micro-RNAs in human cancer cells. Cell Cycle 2006;5:2220-2222.
11
12. Deng S, Calin GA, Croce CM, Coukos G, Zhang L. Mechanisms of microRNA deregulation in human cancer. Cell Cycle 2008;7:2643-2646.
12
13. Saito Y, Liang G, Egger G, Friedman JM, Chuang JC, Coetzee GA, Jones PA. Specific activation of microRNA-127 with down-regulation of the proto-oncogene BCL6 by chromatin-modifying drugs in human cancer cells. Cancer Cell 2006;9:435-443.
13
14. Scott GK, Mattie MD, Berger CE, Benz SC, Benz CC. Rapid alteration of microRNA levels by histone deacetylase inhibition. Cancer Res 2006;66:1277-1281.
14
15. Lujambio A, Calin GA, Villanueva A, Ropero S, Sánchez-Céspedes M, Blanco D, Montuenga LM, Rossi S, Nicoloso MS, Faller WJ, Gallagher WM, Eccles SA, Croce CM, Esteller M. A microRNA DNA methylation signature for human cancer metastasis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2008;105:13556-13561.
15
16. Lehmann U, Hasemeier B, Christgen M, Müller M, Römermann D, Länger F, Kreipe H. Epigenetic inactivation of microRNA gene hsa-mir-9-1 in human breast cancer. J Pathol 2008;214:17-24.
16
17. Ma L, Young J, Prabhala H, Pan E, Mestdagh P, Muth D, Teruya-Feldstein J, Reinhardt F, Onder TT, Valastyan S, Westermann F, Speleman F, Vandesompele J, Weinberg RA. miR-9, a MYC/MYCN-activated microRNA, regulates E-cadherin and cancer metastasis. Nat Cell Biol 2010;12:247-256.
17
18. Bandres E, Agirre X, Bitarte N, Ramirez N, Zarate R, Roman-Gomez J, Prosper F, Garcia-Foncillas J. Epigenetic regulation of microRNA expression in colorectal cancer. Int J Cancer 2009;125:2737-2743.
18
19. Luo H, Zhang H, Zhang Z, Zhang X, Ning B, Guo J, Nie N, Liu B, Wu X. Down-regulated miR-9 and miR-433 in human gastric carcinoma. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2009;28:82.
19
20. Wan HY, Guo LM, Liu T, Liu M, Li X, Tang H. Regulation of the transcription factor NF-κB1 by microRNA-9 in human gastric adenocarcinoma.Mol Cancer 2010; 9:16.
20
21. Gramantieri L, Ferracin M, Fornari F, Veronese A, Sabbioni S, Liu CG, Calin GA, Giovannini C, Ferrazzi E, Grazi GL, Croce CM, Bolondi L, Negrini M. Cyclin G1 is a target of miR-122a, a microRNA frequently down-regulated in human hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Res 2007;67:6092-6099.
21
22. He L, Thomson JM, Hemann MT, Hernando-Monge E, Mu D, Goodson S, Powers S, Cordon-Cardo C, Lowe SW, Hannon GJ, Hammond SM. A microRNA polycistron as a potential human oncogene. Nature 2005;435:828-833.
22
23. O'Donnell KA, Wentzel EA, Zeller KI, Dang CV, Mendell JT. c-Myc-regulated microRNAs modulate E2F1 expression.Nature 2005;435:839-843.
23
24. Subramanian S, Lui WO, Lee CH, Espinosa I, Nielsen TO, Heinrich MC, Corless CL, Fire AZ, van de Rijn M. MicroRNA expression signature of human sarcomas. Oncogene 2008;27:2015-2026.
24
25. Lu J, Getz G, Miska EA, Alvarez-Saavedra E, Lamb J, Peck D, Sweet-Cordero A, Ebert BL, Mak RH, Ferrando AA, Downing JR, Jacks T, Horvitz HR, Golub TR. MicroRNA expression profiles classify human cancers. Nature 2005;435:834-838.
25
26. Volinia S, Calin GA, Liu CG, Ambs S, Cimmino A, Petrocca F, Visone R, Iorio M, Roldo C, Ferracin M, Prueitt RL, Yanaihara N, Lanza G, Scarpa A, Vecchione A, Negrini M, Harris CC, Croce CM. A microRNA expression signature of human solid tumors defines cancer gene targets. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2006;103:2257-2261.
26
27. Marson A, Levine SS, Cole MF, Frampton GM, Brambrink T, Johnstone S, Guenther MG, Johnston WK, Wernig M, Newman J, Calabrese JM, Dennis LM, Volkert TL, Gupta S, Love J, Hannett N, Sharp PA, Bartel DP, Jaenisch R, Young RA. Connecting microRNA genes to the core transcriptional regulatory circuitry of embryonic stem cells. Cell 2008;134:521-533.
27
28. Laios A, O'Toole S, Flavin R, Martin C, Kelly L, Ring M, Finn SP, Barrett C, Loda M, Gleeson N, D'Arcy T, McGuinness E, Sheils O, Sheppard B, O'Leary J. Potential role of miR-9 and miR-223 in recurrent ovarian cancer. Mol Cancer 2008;7:35.
28
29. Guo LM, Pu Y, Han Z, Liu T, Li YX, Liu M, Li X, Tang H. MicroRNA-9 inhibits ovarian cancer cell growth through regulation of NF-κB1. FEBS J 2009;276:5537-5546.
29
30. Ertel A, Verghese A, Byers SW, Ochs M, Tozeren A. Pathway-specific differences between tumor cell lines and normal and tumor tissue cells. Mol Cancer 2006;5:55.
30
31. Kerkel K, Spadola A, Yuan E, Kosek J, Jiang L, Hod E, Li K, Murty VV, Schupf N, Vilain E, Morris M, Haghighi F, Tycko B. Genomic surveys by methylation-sensitive SNP analysis identify sequence-dependent allele-specific DNA methylation. Nat Genet 2008;40:904-908.
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32. Tycko B. Allele-specific DNA methylation: beyond imprinting. Hum Mol Genet 2010;19:R210-R220.
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33. Hellman A, Chess A. Extensive sequence-influenced DNA methylation polymorphism in the human genome. Epigenetics Chromatin 2010;3:11.
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34. Rotkrua P, Akiyama Y, Hashimoto Y, Otsubo T, Yuasa Y. MiR-9 down-regulates CDX2 expression in gastric cancer cells. Int J Cancer 2011;129:2611-2620.
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35. Tsai KW, Liao YL, Wu CW, Hu LY, Li SC, Chan WC, Ho MR, Lai CH, Kao HW, Fang WL, Huang KH, Lin WC. Aberrant hypermethylation of miR-9 genes in gastric cancer. Epigenetics 2011;6:1189-1197.
35
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Molecular and phylogenetic characterization of Thelohanellus qadrii (Myxozoa, Myxosporea, Bivalvulida) infecting the secondary gill epithelium of Indian major carp, Catla catla (Hamilton, 1822)
Myxosporean taxonomy which is traditionally based on the morphology of the myxospore stage, is in a state of flux given new insights provided by the expanding dataset of DNA sequences. To date, more than 40 species of Thelohanellus from India have been described according to morphometric characteristics. Nevertheless, molecular data on these histozoic myxosporean parasites of freshwater fish are scarce. In the present study, molecular characterizations of Thelohanellus qadrii infecting the secondary gill epithelium of Indian major carp Catla catla (Hamilton, 1822) and its phylogenetic relationship is reported. The sub-adult cultured catla were observed to have low to moderate gill myxosporean infections. The morphometry of mature spores was in compliance with original descriptions of T. qadrii. Based on the analysis of 18S rRNA gene, phylogenetic clusters which were established according to a consensus sequence, illustrated the taxonomic placement of a series of myxobolids. The DNA sequence homogeneity of T. qadrii (KF170928) with other Thelohanllus spp. ranged from 78% to 95% and formed a dichotomy with cyprinid gill lamellae infecting T. toyamai (HQ338729). Distance matrix results indicated a high genetic diversity among myxosporeans. The present report is the first on the molecular and phylogenetic characterizations of T. qadrii.
https://mbrc.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2979_4882aab3789c7d62d0f7e6366c25d5e3.pdf
2015-06-01
83
91
10.22099/mbrc.2015.2979
Catla catla
Myxosporean infection
Thelohanellus qadrii
Molecular characterization
Phylogenetic relationship
Sayani
Banerjee
banerjeesayani.24@gmail.com
1
Department of Aquatic Animal Health, Faculty of Fishery Sciences, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Chakgaria, Kolkata, India
AUTHOR
Avijit
Patra
avijitp5@gmail.com
2
Department of Aquatic Animal Health, Faculty of Fishery Sciences, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Chakgaria, Kolkata, India
AUTHOR
Harresh
Adikesavalu
harreshadikesavalu@gmail.com
3
Department of Aquatic Animal Health, Faculty of Fishery Sciences, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Chakgaria, Kolkata, India
AUTHOR
Siddhartha
Joardar
joardar69@gmail.com
4
Dept of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, WBUAFS, Kolkata
AUTHOR
Thangapalam
Abraham
abrahamtj1@gmail.com
5
Department of Aquatic Animal Health, Faculty of Fishery Sciences, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Chakgaria, Kolkata, India
LEAD_AUTHOR
1. Lom J, Dyková I. Myxozoan genera: definition and notes on taxonomy, life-cycle terminology, and pathogenic species. Folia Parasitol 2006;53:1-36.
1
2. Basu S, Modak BK, Haldar DP. Synopsis of the Indian species of the genus Thelohanellus Kudo, 1933 along with the description of Thelohenellus disporomorphus sp. n. J Parasitol Appl Anim Biol 2006;15:81–94.
2
3. Molnár K, Marton S, Székely C, Eszterbauer E. Differentiation of Myxobolus spp. (Myxozoa: Myxobolidae) infecting roach (Rutilus rutilus) in Hungary. Parasitol Res 2010;107(5):1137-1150.
3
4. Liu Y, Whipps CM, Liu WS, Zeng LB, Gu ZM. Supplemental diagnosis of a myxozoan parasite from common carp Cyprinus carpio: Synonymy of Thelohanellus xinyangensis with Thelohanellus kitauei. Vet Parasitol 2011;178:355-359.
4
5. Singh R, Kaur H. Thelohanellus (Myxozoa: Myxosporea: Bivalvulida) infections in major carp fish from Punjab wetlands (India). Protistol 2012;7:178–188.
5
6. Yokoyama H, Grabner D, Shirakashi S. Transmission Biology of the Myxozoa. In: Health and Environment in Aquaculture. Carvalho ED, David GS, Silva RJ (eds), InTech, Croatia 2012; PP 1-42. ISBN: 978-953-51-0497-1, Available from http://www.intechopen.com/books/health-and-environment-in-aquaculture/ transmission-biology-of-the-myxozoa (Accessed on 30 May, 2013).
6
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Analysis of the enzyme network involved in cattle milk production using graph theory
Understanding cattle metabolism and its relationship with milk products is important in bovine breeding. A systemic view could lead to consequences that will result in a better understanding of existing concepts. Topological indices and quantitative characterizations mostly result from the application of graph theory on biological data. In the present work, the enzyme network involved in cattle milk production was reconstructed and analyzed based on available bovine genome information using several public datasets (NCBI, Uniprot, KEGG, and Brenda). The reconstructed network consisted of 3605 reactions named by KEGG compound numbers and 646 enzymes that catalyzed the corresponding reactions. The characteristics of the directed and undirected network were analyzed using Graph Theory. The mean path length was calculated to be 4.39 and 5.41 for directed and undirected networks, respectively. The top 11 hub enzymes whose abnormality could harm bovine health and reduce milk production were determined. Therefore, the aim of constructing the enzyme centric network was twofold; first to find out whether such network followed the same properties of other biological networks, and second, to find the key enzymes. The results of the present study can improve our understanding of milk production in cattle. Also, analysis of the enzyme network can help improve the modeling and simulation of biological systems and help design desired phenotypes to increase milk production quality or quantity.
https://mbrc.shirazu.ac.ir/article_3007_d804f752a9af08cc3ccafcfb0d4ae4f2.pdf
2015-06-01
93
103
10.22099/mbrc.2015.3007
Cattle
Milk production
Enzyme Network
Graph Theory
Metabolism
Sholeh
Ghorbani
sholehghorbani@gmail.com
1
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Khorasan, Iran
AUTHOR
Mojtaba
Tahmoorespur
m_tahmoorespur@yahoo.com
2
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Khorasan, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Ali
Masoudi-Nejad
amasoudin@ibb.ut.ac.ir
3
Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammad Reza
Nasiri
nassiryr@gmail.com
4
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Khorasan, Iran.
AUTHOR
Yazdan
Asgari
yazdan1130@gmail.com
5
Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
1. Jing Z, Hong Y, Jianhua L, Cao zw, Xue LY. Complex networks theory for analyzing metabolic networks. Chinese Sci Bulletin 2006;51:1529-1537.
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35
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Isolation and molecular characterization of partial FSH and LH receptor genes in Arabian camels (Camelus dromedarius)
Very little is known about LHR and FSHR genes of domestic dromedary camels. The main objective of this study was to determine and analyze partial genomic regions of FSHR and LHR genes in dromedary camels for the first time. To this end, a total of 50 DNA samples belonging to dromedary camels raised in Iran were sent for sequencing (25 samples of each gene). We compared the nucleotide sequences of Camelus dromedarius with corresponding sequences of previously published FSHR and LHR genes in bactrian camels and other species. According to the data, the same nucleotide variation was identified in both regions of the two camel species. The alignment of deduced protein sequences of the two different species revealed an amino acid variation at the FSHR region. No evidence of amino acid variation was observed, however, in LHR sequences. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that both camel species had a close relationship and clustered together in a separate branch. This was further confirmed by genetic distance values illustrating significant sequence identity between Camelus dromedarius and Camelus bactrianus. Interestingly, sequence comparisons revealed heterozygote patterns in FSHR sequences isolated from dromedary camels of Iran. In comparison to other species, this camel contains three amino acid substitutions at 5, 67, and 105 positions in the FSHR coding region. These positions are found exclusively in camels and can be considered as species specific. The results of our study can be used for hormone functionality research (FSHR and LHR) as well as reproduction-linked polymorphisms and breeding programs.
https://mbrc.shirazu.ac.ir/article_3027_f6b9e53f8ddca78c36e0260a497b4df5.pdf
2015-06-01
105
114
10.22099/mbrc.2015.3027
FSHR
LHR
Sequence
Camel
Saber
Jelokhani-Niaraki
s_jelokhani_niaraki@yahoo.com
1
department of animal science, faculty of agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mojtaba
Tahmoorespur
tahmoores@um.ac.ir
2
department of animal science, faculty of agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Morteza
Bitaraf-Sani
mbetaraf@yahoo.com
3
department of animal science, faculty of agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
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